Much of the information in the podcast is from court document from Bradley County and McMinn County obtained from FOIA request.

Personal interviews were also conducted.  Most interviewees requested privacy.

Below are some of the source links for the online material used in the podcast as well as a bibliography of all of the print news articles used during research.

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette – Mar 1, 1977  Child-Death Trial Opens in Tenn

The Times-News – Oct 19, 1976  Couple Facing Murder Charges in Beating Death of 4-year-old

The Pittsburgh Press – Oct 20, 1976  Parents Held in Torturing Girl to Death

The Albany Herald – Mar 1, 1977 State Opens Its Case in Death of Melisha

Academic Sources:

Baumeister, Roy F., Laura Smart, and Joseph M. Boden (1996). “Relation of Threatened Egotism to Violence and Aggression: The Dark Side of High Self-Esteem.” Psychological Review, Vol 103, No 1, 5-33.

Dutton, Mary Ann and Lisa A. Goodman (2005). Coercion in Intimate Partner Violence: Toward a New Conceptualization. Sex Roles, Vol. 52, Nos. 11/12, June 2005.

Fugate, Jeanne A. (2001).“Who’s Failing Whom? A Critical Look At Failure-To-Protect Laws.” N.Y.U. Law Review, Vol. 76, 272-308 http://www.nyulawreview.org/sites/default/files/pdf/NYULawReview-76-1-Fugate.pdf

Goodman, Lisa, Mary Ann Dutton, Kevin Weinfurt and Sarah Cook. (2003). The Intimate Partner Violence Strategies Index: Development and Application. Violence Against Women. Vol. 9 No. 2, February 2003 163-186.

Johnson, Anne J. (1987). “Criminal Liability for Parents Who Fail to Protect.” Law & Inequality: A Journal of Theory and Practice, Vol 5, Issue 2, 359-390 https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1424&context=lawineq

Johnson, Michael P. and Kathleen J. Ferraro (2000). “Research on Domestic Violence in the 1990s: making Distinctions.” National Council on Family Relations. Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol. 62, No. 4 (Nov., 2000), pp. 948-963. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1566718?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

Johnson, Michael P. (2006) “Conflict and Control Gender Symmetry and Asymmetry in Domestic Violence.” Violence Against Women. Volume 12 Number 11 November 2006 1003-1018.

Johnson, Michael P.. (2011). “Gender and types of intimate partner violence: A response to an anti-feminist literature review.” Aggression and Violent Behavior 16 (2011) 289–296.

Johnson, Michael P. (1995). “Patriarchal Terrorism and Common Couple Violence: Two Forms of Violence against Women.” The Pennsylvania State University. Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 57, No. 2. May, 1995. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/44912/10896_2004_Article_298363.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Jouriles, Ernest N., Renee McDonald, Amy M. Smith Slep, Richard E. Heyman, Edward Garrido. (2008) “Child Abuse in the Context of Domestic Violence: Prevalence, Explanations, and Practice Implications.” Violence and Victims, Volume 23, Number 2, 2008.

Kelly, Joan B. and Michael P. Johnson. (2008). Differentiation Among Types Of Intimate Partner Violence: Research Update And Implications For Interventions. Family Court Interview, Vol. 46 No. 3, July 2008 476 – 499.

Leone, Janet M., Michael P. Johnson and Catherine Cohan (2007). “Victim Help Seeking: Differences Between Intimate Terrorism and Situational Couple Violence.” Family Relations, 56 (December 2007), 427–439. Blackwell Publishing. Copyright 2007 by the National Council on Family Relations.

Levendosky, Alytia A. and Sandra A. Graham-Bermann (2001).“Parenting in Battered Women: The Effects of Domestic Violence on Women and Their Children.” Michigan State University Department of Psychology.  Journal of Family Violence, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2001. p 171-192. http://www.personal.psu.edu/mpj/1995%20JMF.pdf

Muehlenhard, Charlene L. and Leigh Ann Kimes (1999). The Social Construction of Violence: The Case of Sexual and Domestic Violence. Personality and Social Psychology Review. 1999, Vol. 3, No. 3, 234- 245.

Smith, Lewis J. (1889) “Recent Improvements in Infant Feeding.”  Transactions of the American Pediatric Society, Volume 1.

“The Story of Mary Ellen.”  (n.d.)  American Humane Association,  Albany, NY.

National Domestic Violence Hotline (USA) defines domestic violence as follows: “Domestic violence can be defined as a pattern of behavior in any relationship that is used to gain or maintain power and control over an intimate partner.”

News Sources:

A PR student helped to compile much of this info.  Thanks, Libby!

Please note that many articles were obtained from people’s personal collections and do not have full documentation such as date or byline.  Targeted Podcast has a photocopy of each article listed below.

“Abuse Change Advised.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 2 Mar. 1977

“A Mother’s Cry.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 2 Nov. 1976.

“Arraignment For Madduxes.” Cleveland Daily Banner.

Associated Press. “Beating To Shape Children’s Lives.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 18 Oct. 1976.

Associated Press. “City Mourns Death.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 17 Oct. 1976, pp. 5–6.

Associated Press. “Judge Disagrees With Bass Order.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 21 Oct. 1976

Associated Press. “Melisha Report Due Today: Bass.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 25 Oct. 1976.

“Bass ‘Genuinely Concerned’ Over Child Abuse.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 18 Oct. 1976.

“Bass pays visit to Cleveland Human Services Agency.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 30 Oct. 1976.

“Beating Denied.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 2 Mar. 1977.

“Bill Increases Assault Penalty.” Cleveland Daily Banner, Mar. 1977.

“Blame Not Here, Says Ex-Manager.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 31 Oct. 1976.

Brown, Angela K. “Events of tragic death of Melisha Gibson recalled.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 5 Oct. 1995.

Brown, Angela K. “More can be done to fight child abuse.” Cleveland Daily Banner, Oct. 1995.

Byrd, Malley J. “The Child Abuse Death That Outraged The South.” True Detective, Mar.  1977.

Carson, Carol. “Preliminary hearing will be held today.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 19 Oct. 1976.

Chalmers Sandy. “Note to the Editor.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 29 Oct. 1976.

“Child Abuse Law Change Backed By Officials Here.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 10 Nov. 1976.

“Child Abuse Laws Signed.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 6 May 1977.

“Child Abuse – Misdemeanor.”  Cleveland Daily Banner, 10 November 1976.

“Child Abuse Nationwide: 2,000-10,000 Die Yearly.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 15 Oct. 1976.

“Child Abuse Problem Needs Sustained Effort.” The Tennessean, 20, October 1976.

“Child Abuse Series Set.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 23 Oct. 1976.

“Child Protection Funds Secured.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 31 Oct. 1976.

“Citizens Against Child Abuse.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 22 Oct. 1976.

Cleveland County Manager. “Melisha’s Plight of Deep Concern To Case Workers.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 19 Oct.

      1976.

Dowdy R. Ralph. “Melisha.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 21 Oct. 1976.

“Dr. Biller marks 30-year milestone with behavioral Research Institute.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 25 Sept. 2011.

“Fisher to Probe Return.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 23 Oct. 1976.

“First Child Abuse Bill received.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 11 Mar. 1977.

“Galbreath Cleared.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 11 Jan. 1978.

Gilley, Dan. “After Death Comes…Melisha Receiving Many Gifts of Love.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 15 Oct. 1976.

Gilly, Dan. “In Child Abuse Case: Parents Refuse Bond.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 15 Oct.  1976.

Gilley, Dan. “Madduxes Bound to Grand Jury.” Cleveland Daily Banner,  19 Oct. 1976.

Gilley, Dan. “Maddux Trial Gag Order Issued.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 7 Nov. 1979.

Gilley, Dan. “Maddux Trial Moved; Judge Bars Attorney.” Cleveland Daily Banner,5 Nov. 1976.

Gilley, Dan. “Melisha’s Death Spurs Review Of Abuse Laws.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 8 Nov. 1976.

Gilley, Dan. “Parents Charged In Tot’s Death.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 14 Oct. 1976.

Golden, Boby. “Bass rips Human Services Agency.” Cleveland Daily Banner. 10 Oct. 1976.

Henley, Helen and Bennie E. Moberly, Patty Storey, Darlene Bryant, Mr. G.L. Moss, Kenneth

Boyce. “The Banners Open Forum.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 21 Oct. 1976.

Harvey, Larry J. “Emergency Care Provided Children.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 27 Oct.

       1976.

Heatley, Brooke. “Child Abusers Can Get Help.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 7 Nov. 1979.

Higgins, Randall. “Child Abuse Laws Start Slow.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 24 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Another Case Investigated.” Cleveland Daily Banner. 19 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Bass Announces Welfare Shakeup.” Cleveland Daily Banner. 29 Oct.

       1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Child Abuse Law Proposals.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 15 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Child Abuse Laws Start Slow; Gaining Ground.” Cleveland Daily

       Banner. 31 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Child Abuse Is On The Increase.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 25 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Grand Jury Indicts Madduxes: Murder.” Cleveland Daily Banner,

       22 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Little Melisha Is Buried.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 17 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Madduxes Guilty, Appeals Loom.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 4 Mar. 1977.

Higgins, Randall. “Madduxes’ Jury Selection Slow.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 28 Feb. 1977.

Higgins, Randall. “Maddux Motion Hearing Today.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 4 Nov. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Police Study Child’s Death.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 13 Oct. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Ronald, Wanda Maddux: Each Accuses The Other.” Cleveland Daily Banner,  1 Mar. 1977.

Higgins, Randall. “Sen. Byrd To Appeal.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 22 Nov. 1976.

Higgins, Randall. “Welfare Shakeup.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 29 Oct. 1976.

Hunter, Beecher. “For Melisha’s Foster Parents: Nights Are Sleepless.” Cleveland Daily  

       Banner, 20 Oct. 1976.

Jones, Robert. “Madduxes Plead Not guilty: Attorneys: Defenses Hostile.” Cleveland Daily

       Banner, 28 Feb. 1977.

Jones, Robert B. “Pattern Change Needed In Abuse Halt.” Cleveland Daily Banner.

“Judge Denies Petition To Set Aside Sentence of Convicted Child Abuser.” The Tennessean, 24, January 1980.

Kaylor, Greg. “any in community still remember, mourn for Melisha.” Cleveland Daily    

       Banner, 12 Mar. 2009.

Kaylor, Greg. “Ronald Maddux, convicted in 1976 death of stepdaughter, dies in prison.”

      Cleveland Daily Banner, 17 Feb. 2010.

“Laws on Child Abuse.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 8 Nov. 1976.

“Maddux Children Request Last Visit With Parents.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 6 Mar. 1977.

“Maddux Couple Is Indicted.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 22 Oct. 1976.

“Maddux Couple Taken to Nashville Prison.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 7 Mar. 1977, pg. 23-

      24.

“Madduxes’ Case.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 3 May 1977.

“Madduxes’ New Trial Is Sought.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 11 Mar. 1977.

“Maddux Motion hearing Today.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 4 Nov. 1976.

“Maddux Re-Trial Motions To Be Heard Saturday.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 5 May 1977.

Markel, Howard.  Case Shined First Light on Abuse of Children.  NY Times, 14 December 2009.  https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/15/health/15abus.html

“Mary Ellen Wilson.” Faces of Child Abuse. Retrieved 4 June 2018. http://www.facesofchildabuse.org/mary-ellen-wilson.html

“Melisha Donations At $2,940.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 22 Oct. 1976.

“Melisha Gibson Fund For Scholarship Set.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 7 Nov. 1976.

“Melisha Gibson Fund Goes Over $10,000.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 11 Mar. 1977.

“Melisha’s Brothers, Sisters: New Life For Four.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 11 Mar. 1977.

“Melisha’s Plight of Deep Concern to Case Workers.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 19 Oct. 1976.

“Melisha’s Probe Begun: Bass’ Findings.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 19 Oct. 1976.

“Mother of Melisha Gibson dies.” Cleveland Daily Banner.

“New Trial Is Denied.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 8 May 1977.

“Officials Present Child Abuse Views.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 10 Nov. 1976.

“Report Due: How To Stop Deaths of Other Melishas.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 4 Mar.

      1977.

Rowland, Sandra M. “Abuse Laws Inadequate: DA Fisher.” Cleveland Daily Banner,

     4 Mar. 1977.

Rowland, Sandra M. “Child Abuse Prevention Provided In Program.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 26 Oct. 1976.

Rowland, Sandra M. “Foster Family: A Temporary Home.” Cleveland Daily Banner,

     31 Oct. 1976.

Rowland, Sandra M. “Prosecutor of Abuse Sought.” Cleveland Daily Banner, pg. 1, 2

     Nov. 1976.

Rowland, Sandra M. and Randall Higgins. “Judge Witt Readies For ‘Most Publicized Case’

     In Career.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 27 Feb. 1977.

Rowland, Sandra M. “Task Force Formed.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 28 Oct. 1976.

Scoggins, Sara. “Banner’s Open Forum.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 25 Oct. 1976.

“Social Services Here: Supervisor Named.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 14 Dec. 1976.

Trillin, Calvin. Killings. ser. p.94-105, Random House, 2017.

Vines, Carl”Maddux, Wife Guilty, Get 99 Years, Day.”  The Kingsport News, 4 March 1977.

“Welfare Staff At Work; Asks Community Support.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 1 Nov. 1976.

“Welfare Staff Here Defended.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 2 Nov. 1976.

“Welfare Workers Pan Return To Jobs Monday.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 31 Oct. 1976.

“35 Workers Leave Posts.” Cleveland Daily Banner, 29 Oct. 1976.